Human Rights Council
Forty-fourth session
15 June–3 July 2020
Agenda item 6
Universal periodic review
Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review *
Kenya
Introduction
1.The Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review, established in accordance with Human Rights Council resolution 5/1, held its thirty-fifth session from 20 to 31 January 2020. The review of Kenya was held at the 6th meeting, on 23 January 2020. The delegation of Kenya was headed by Chief Administrative Secretary and Deputy Minister at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ababu Namwamba. At its 13th meeting, held on 28 January 2020, the Working Group adopted the report on Kenya.
2.On 14 January 2020, the Human Rights Council selected the following group of rapporteurs (troika) to facilitate the review of Kenya: Angola, Bahamas and Fiji.
3.In accordance with paragraph 15 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution 5/1 and paragraph 5 of the annex to Council resolution 16/21, the following documents were issued for the review of Kenya:
(a)A national report submitted/written presentation made in accordance with paragraph 15 (a) (A/HRC/WG.6/35/KEN/1);
(b)A compilation prepared by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) in accordance with paragraph 15 (b) (A/HRC/WG.6/35/KEN/2);
(c)A summary prepared by OHCHR in accordance with paragraph 15 (c) (A/HRC/WG.6/35/KEN/3 and Corr.1).
4.A list of questions prepared in advance by Belgium, Canada, Germany, Liechtenstein, Portugal, on behalf of the Group of Friends of the national mechanism for reporting and follow-up, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America was transmitted to Kenya through the troika. These questions are available on the website of the universal periodic review.
I.Summary of the proceedings of the review process
A.Presentation by the State under review
5.The delegation stated that Kenya had undertaken a variety of initiatives to implement the 192 supported recommendations from the previous review and had even taken steps to consider some of the noted recommendations. In that regard, the National Committee on International and Regional Human Rights Obligations had been established. The Building Bridges Initiative had been launched in 2018 to foster national cohesion and peace. A number of initiatives had been taken in the area of the administration of justice, including the formulation of an alternative justice system policy, the establishment of 39 high courts in 38 counties and plans to establish at least one magistrates court in each of the 290 subcounties. In addition, a court-annexed mediation mechanism had been introduced to resolve cases through mediation. The mechanism operated with the assistance of court-accredited mediators and had the effect of reducing the backlog of cases. To combat corruption, the Government had halted illicit financial flows by demonetizing the 1,000-Kenya-shilling note and introducing a new generation of banknotes.
6.Kenya had continued to cooperate with the United Nations and the African human rights system and had issued a standing invitation in that regard. Kenya had hosted the Special Rapporteur on the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation, the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons, the Independent Expert on the enjoyment of human rights by persons living with albinism and the Working Group on the issue of human rights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises.
7.In relation to the recommendations on economic and social rights, the Big Four Agenda had been launched in 2017, which detailed the development priorities for 2018 to 2022.
8.The Government had introduced universal health coverage to provide affordable health care for all, reflecting its commitment to Sustainable Development Goal 3. The coverage, which was soon to be rolled out across the country, had successfully been piloted in four counties. With regard to education, in 2017/18, the number of educational institutions had increased by 5.1 per cent, and in 2017, free secondary education had been introduced.
9.Kenya was the first African country to have committed to the development of a national action plan on business and human rights. Another milestone had been the recent recognition of intersex persons and the inclusion in the 2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census of a category to determine the number of intersex persons for policy and programmatic interventions.
10.Civic education and advocacy had been undertaken in the affected communities to end female genital mutilation and child marriage. The increased prosecution of accused persons had also played a key role in dissuading those practices.
11.In order to address environmental degradation, measures had been put in place to ensure that natural and artificial resources were exploited sustainably and responsibly, in accordance with international obligations. There had been an increase in the use of geothermal energy to provide power while reducing carbon emissions. A national climate change council had been established pursuant to the Climate Change Act (2016).
12.Challenges in the implementation of some recommendations had arisen from, among other factors, several terror attacks that had resulted in the loss of the lives of civilians and security officers. The terrorists had been heavily armed and suicidal, forcing the security personnel to use protective force, which had been misconstrued as excessive. Young people were being radicalized by extremist groups.
13.In response to advance questions, the delegation stated that the Supreme Court had ruled that the mandatory nature of the death sentence as envisaged in section 204 of the Penal Code was unconstitutional. Following that judgment, a task force set up by the Attorney General had conducted a review of the death penalty and made recommendations, including the abolition of the death penalty.
14.Besides the transformative Constitution, which gave prominence to the values and principles of governance, robust legal, policy, institutional and administrative measures had been introduced to fight corruption, including the National Ethics and Anti-Corruption Policy (2018). A bill on whistle-blowers had been drafted and was currently before Cabinet for approval.
15.Law enforcement officers received human rights training. In 2011, the Independent Policing Oversight Authority had been established to provide for civilian oversight of police officers in their enforcement of the law. Freedom from torture was guaranteed under the Constitution. Although the Prevention of Torture Act (2017), which gave effect to the State’s obligations under the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, was yet to be operationalized, alleged perpetrators of torture continued to be prosecuted under the Penal Code and the National Police Service Act.
16.Challenges remained in ensuring the equal representation of women. Two bills on the issue had previously been rejected by Parliament. However, the Representation of Special Interests Group Law (Amendment) Bill (2019), which also covered the issue, was expected to be passed.
17.A reduction in the budget of the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights was not a phenomenon specific to the Commission, but also affected all government entities.
18.The National Plan of Action for Children in Kenya (2015–2022) outlined the priorities and interventions necessary for the progressive realization of children’s rights. The Guidelines on Identification and Referral of Children with Disabilities and Special Needs had also been developed. A national toll-free helpline for children had been introduced.
B.Interactive dialogue and responses by the State under review
19.During the interactive dialogue, 118 delegations made statements. Recommendations made during the dialogue are to be found in section II of the present report.
20.Canada welcomed the commitment by Kenya to eradicating female genital mutilation by 2022.
21.Chile expressed concern about the difficulty in collecting human rights monitoring data.
22.China welcomed the commitment to sustainable socioeconomic development, and the national action plan to counter terrorism and extremism.
23.The Comoros welcomed the reporting by Kenya to the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, the Committee against Torture and the Human Rights Committee.
24.The Congo welcomed the National Plan of Action for Children in Kenya and current legislative and institutional reforms.
25.Costa Rica expressed concern about child and forced marriage, female genital mutilation, murders, mutilations, kidnappings, rapes, and trafficking in persons and in the body parts of persons with albinism.
26.Côte d’Ivoire welcomed the National Policy and Action Plan on Human Rights, and the reporting by Kenya to treaty bodies.
27.Croatia welcomed the establishment of the Restorative Justice Fund of 2015.
28.Cuba welcomed the universal health coverage pilot programme.
29.Cyprus noted the universal periodic review implementation matrix.
30.Czechia welcomed the changes to the Kenya Information and Communications Act, and the Access to Information Act.
31.Denmark commended Kenya for having co-hosted the Nairobi Summit on the International Conference on Population and Development in 2019.
32.Djibouti noted that the new Constitution provided a robust constitutional, legal and institutional framework.
33.The Dominican Republic welcomed the national plan to promote effectiveness and efficiency in the administration of justice.
34.Ecuador noted the action plans on the administration of justice and on children, and the information system on sexual and gender-based violence.
35.Egypt welcomed the establishment of the National Committee on International and Regional Human Rights Obligations, and the reforms of the judiciary and the security sector.
36.Estonia welcomed the commitment to eradicating female genital mutilation, while expressing concern about the high level of gender-based violence.
37.Ethiopia welcomed the reporting by Kenya to the Human Rights Committee, the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women and the Committee against Torture.
38.Fiji noted the adoption of the Prevention of Torture Act and the Climate Change Act.
39.Finland thanked Kenya for its national report.
40.France noted that progress had been made on women’s rights, but that further efforts were needed.
41.Gabon welcomed efforts made in the areas of trafficking in persons, food security, children’s rights and the rights of persons with disabilities.
42.Georgia noted that no executions had taken place since 1987 and expressed appreciation for the adoption of the Legal Aid Act (2016).
43.Germany expressed concern about discrimination against minorities and marginalized groups in the public sector.
44.Ghana expressed appreciation for progress achieved in protecting human rights.
45.Greece called on Kenya to address challenges regarding civil society space, gender equality and the combating of discrimination.
46.Haiti noted efforts made to improve human rights in the country.
47.Honduras congratulated Kenya for the implementation of recommendations from the previous review.
48.Iceland noted the steps outlined in the national report and hoped for their continued implementation.
49.India noted that the Big Four Agenda would promote socioeconomic rights.
50.Indonesia welcomed the implementation of various recommendations from the previous review, including the training of civil servants.
51.The Islamic Republic of Iran noted the reforms of the justice system and the police service.
52.Iraq welcomed the reporting by Kenya to treaty bodies and the programmes on housing and access to drinking water.
53.Ireland urged Kenya to work towards the full abolition of the death penalty.
54.Italy welcomed the efforts made since the previous review.
55.Japan noted the adoption of the National Action Plan on Business and Human Rights.
56.Kuwait noted the degree of attention given to the promotion of human rights, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals.
57.Kyrgyzstan welcomed the National Policy and Action Plan on Human Rights and the National Plan of Action for Children in Kenya.
58.Lesotho noted measures taken by Kenya to protect women and girls from sexual and gender-based violence.
59.Libya noted the efforts made by Kenya to abide by ratified treaties.
60.Malaysia noted that the national report had been a collaborative effort on the part of all stakeholders.
61.Maldives noted the efforts made to promote an effective and efficient judicial system.
62.Mali noted the measures taken in relation to vulnerable groups and welcomed the ratification of the Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons Who Are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled.
63.Malta noted the progress made in the implementation of recommendations from the previous review.
64.Mauritania noted the positive strides made towards implementing recommendations from the previous review.
65.Mauritius encouraged Kenya to pursue its efforts to mainstream human rights in its socioeconomic development policies.
66.Mexico welcomed legislative reforms including the decriminalization of defamation.
67.Montenegro recognized efforts to promote children’s rights and highlighted concerns regarding violence against women and girls.
68.Morocco welcomed the National Policy and Action Plan on Human Rights and the National Plan of Action for Children in Kenya.
69.In response to advance questions, the delegation of Kenya stated that the Victim Protection Act (2014) made provision for victims of terrorism. The Anti-FGM Board, established to coordinate public awareness programmes and to advise the Government, had employed a multisectoral approach to end female genital mutilation, and had engaged a broad group of stakeholders, including the Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions.
70.In 2019, the President had signed into law the Data Protection Act (2019), which provided the legal framework required to protect privacy and data entrusted to the Government. The Kenya Information and Communications (Amendment) Act (2013) and the Media Council Act (2013) provided the legal and regulatory framework in the media, information and communications environment. The Media Council Act established the Media Council as the body that set media standards and regulated and monitored compliance with those standards. Draft regulations to operationalize the Access to Information Act (2016) were under stakeholder and public consultation.
71.The Director of Public Prosecutions had formed a joint committee to develop guidelines on the right to assembly. In addition, all cases of arrests and prosecution would be subjected to review. In response to concerns relating to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons, the delegation stated that no one was asked to state their sexual orientation when accessing government services.
72.Mozambique noted the significant progress made by Kenya in the implementation of recommendations from the previous review.
73.Myanmar noted the measures taken to amend national laws and policies to provide greater promotion and protection of human rights.
74.Namibia commended Kenya for having commuted the death sentences of over 5,000 people in 2016.
75.Nepal noted the implementation of the Big Four Agenda and social security support measures, such as cash transfer for persons with severe disabilities.
76.The Netherlands welcomed the efforts made to combat corruption and the commitment to end female genital mutilation by 2020.
77.New Zealand was concerned by reports of discrimination, violence and threats of prosecution experienced by the LGBTQIA community.
78.The Niger encouraged Kenya to continue to implement the pending recommendations from the previous review.
79.Nigeria noted the Government’s efforts to strengthen the judiciary and combat sexual and gender-based violence.
80.Norway noted the positive steps taken by Kenya since the previous review.
81.Oman noted that the national report highlighted the Government’s interest in promoting and protecting human rights.
82.Pakistan noted the introduction of free secondary education and the national plan for children, among others.
83.The Philippines commended Kenya for having strengthened policies and programmes for persons with disabilities, women and children.
84.Poland noted the imposition of a moratorium on capital punishment and improvements in health care and education.
85.Portugal noted the establishment of a standing body on reporting on and follow-up to human rights recommendations and the adoption of a law and policy on mental health.
86.The Republic of Korea commended Kenya for having integrated a human rights-based approach into its national development plan.
87.Romania noted the efforts made to abolish the death penalty and ensure the protection of refugees.
88.The Russian Federation noted the judicial reforms undertaken, including the 2017 programme on the effectiveness of the administration of justice.
89.Rwanda encouraged Kenya to increase the representation of women in politics and in decision-making bodies.
90.Saudi Arabia commended Kenya for having implemented numerous recommendations from the previous review.
91.Senegal noted the new policy on mental health and the management system for biometric registration.
92.Serbia noted the National Plan of Action on Children in Kenya and the Kenya Mental Health Policy.
93.Seychelles commended Kenya for having adopted rights-based policies to reduce poverty and enhance access to essential services.
94.Sierra Leone noted legislative changes to ensure freedom of expression and information.
95.Singapore noted the Government’s efforts to protect children’s rights, including the National Plan of Action for Children in Kenya.
96.Slovenia urged Kenya to adopt a comprehensive strategy to eliminate harmful practices, including forced marriage and female genital mutilation.
97.Solomon Islands noted the incorporation of human rights principles into national legislation.
98.Somalia encouraged Kenya to continue improving the human rights situation.
99.South Africa noted the Big Four Agenda, which was aimed at accelerating economic growth and transforming the lives of Kenyans.
100.South Sudan noted the inclusion of an intersex category in the 2019 census and enquired about measures to ensure non-discrimination.
101.Spain welcomed the legal and institutional progress made to improve the human rights situation.
102.Sri Lanka noted measures in the areas of education and migrant workers, among others.
103.The State of Palestine welcomed the adoption of the Legal Aid Act and the national legal aid policy.
104.The Sudan noted efforts to promote human rights.
105.Sweden noted reforms to improve respect for human rights and requested further action to promote the rights of women, girls, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons.
106.Switzerland made recommendations.
107.Thailand commended Kenya for initiatives including the Big Four Agenda, Kenya Vision 2030 and the National Action Plan on Business and Human Rights.
108.Timor-Leste noted the adoption of the Legal Aid Act, the National Action Plan on Legal Aid and the Persons with Disabilities Bill (2018).
109.Togo noted the multisectoral framework to address sexual and gender-based violence.
110.Tunisia noted measures to protect human rights defenders.
111.The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela noted the ratification of the Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons Who Are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled and housing programmes for people with low incomes, among others.
112.Uganda noted the ratification of the Agreement Establishing the African Continental Free Trade Area and the Tripartite Free Trade Area Agreement.
113.Ukraine noted the standing invitation to special procedures and the Big Four Agenda, among others.
114.The United Kingdom expressed concern about the limited progress made in ensuring the accountability of individual police officers.
115.The United Republic of Tanzania commended Kenya for the progress made since the previous review.
116.The United States offered to cooperate with Kenya on democratic values, human rights and fundamental freedoms.
117.Uruguay acknowledged the efforts made within the framework of Kenya Vision 2030 and the Kenya AIDS Strategic Framework.
118.Vanuatu acknowledged the positive impact of the 2010 constitutional reforms on human rights, among others.
119.Turkey noted the Building Bridges Initiative and efforts to fight corruption, and encouraged further initiatives for refugees.
120.Viet Nam noted the National Policy and Action Plan on Human Rights and the National Plan of Action for Children in Kenya.
121.Zambia stated that the implementation of recommendations from the previous review was commendable.
122.Zimbabwe noted the adoption of the Big Four Agenda and the introduction of policies.
123.Afghanistan expressed concern about attacks on persons with albinism, incidents of violence against women and children, and harmful cultural practices.
124.Algeria welcomed the ratification of the Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons Who Are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled.
125.Angola noted the cooperation by Kenya with the human rights mechanisms.
126.Argentina expressed concern about the lack of progress in implementing the recommendations of the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission.
127.Armenia encouraged Kenya to consider fully abolishing the death penalty.
128.Australia welcomed the efforts made by Kenya to build a political environment to better protect and promote human rights.
129.Austria noted the adoption of legislation, including the National Coroners Service Act and the Prevention of Torture Act.
130.Azerbaijan commended Kenya for having adopted the National Policy and Action Plan on Human Rights.
131.Barbados welcomed the efforts made to mainstream human rights education and training in the public sector.
132.Belarus noted with satisfaction the strengthening of national institutions and the legal framework for promoting human rights.
133.Belgium noted the efforts made by Kenya to improve access to justice and move towards the abolition of the death penalty.
134.Botswana welcomed the adoption of the National Policy and Action Plan on Human Rights.
135.Brazil encouraged Kenya to take additional measures to protect persons with albinism.
136.Bulgaria commended Kenya for the measures taken to support women’s economic empowerment.
137.Burkina Faso noted the progress made in implementing supported recommendations from the previous review.
138.Burundi noted the adoption of strategies and policies aimed at reducing poverty and improving the living conditions of the people.
139.Cabo Verde noted the strategies and policies on sustainable development, particularly the Big Four Agenda.
140.Eritrea welcomed efforts to strengthen protection for persons with disabilities, the increased access to safe drinking water, and the National Action Plan on Business and Human Rights.
141.The delegation of Kenya stated that Kenya had a vibrant and active civil society. There had been a delay in ensuring the entry into force of the Public Benefits Organizations Act, adopted in 2013, owing to the need to put in place adequate infrastructure to ensure the effective implementation of the legislation. In the interim, all non-governmental organizations (NGOs) fell under the auspices of the NGO council. The delegation thanked the member States for their participation in the review and stated that all their recommendations would receive the utmost attention of the Government.
II.Conclusions and/or recommendations
142. The recommendations listed below have been examined by Kenya and enjoy the support of Kenya:
142.1 Consider ratifying the core international human rights treaties to which Kenya is not yet a party (Côte d ’ Ivoire);
142.2 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography to strengthen and harmonize existing national laws and policies (Botswana);
142.3 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography (India);
142.4 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography (Islamic Republic of Iran);
142.5 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography, which Kenya signed in 2000 (Lesotho);
142.6 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography, which was signed in September 2000 (Morocco);
142.7 Explore the possibility of ratifying the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography (Niger);
142.8 Consider ratifying the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography (Sudan);
142.9 Reconsider taking further steps to ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography (Mozambique);
142.10 Consider ratifying the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography, and continue strengthening national laws and policies for the protection of children (Viet Nam);
142.11 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography and the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict (Armenia);
142.12 Consider ratifying the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty (Namibia);
142.13 Consider ratifying the conventions to which the country is not yet a party, including the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (Gabon);
142.14 Consider ratifying the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (Indonesia);
142.15 Reconsider further steps to ratify the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (Mozambique);
142.16 Consider the possibility of ratifying the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (Niger);
142.17 Consider ratifying pending international human rights instruments, including the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (Sierra Leone);
142.18 Consider ratifying the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Ghana);
142.19 Consider ratifying the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment and ensure that full and impartial investigations are conducted into all allegations of enforced disappearances, extrajudicial executions, torture and arbitrary detention (Italy);
142.20 Consider acceding to and ratifying the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Uruguay);
142.21 Complete the process of ratifying the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and People ’ Rights on the Rights of Older Persons in Africa and the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples ’ Rights on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Africa (Mali);
142.22 Consider acceding to the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons and the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness (Côte d ’ Ivoire);
142.23 Extend an open invitation to the special procedures of the Human Rights Council (Uruguay);
142.24 Continue reform measures with a view to promoting political democracy in Kenya (Azerbaijan);
142.25 Further continue its political reforms in order to promote political democracy in the country (Kyrgyzstan);
142.26 Continue its work to bring its national legislation in line with its international obligations (Kyrgyzstan);
142.27 Finalize the adoption processes of the draft bills on children, mental health and persons with disabilities, and consider ratifying the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (Ecuador);
142.28 Revise and enact the draft data protection bill and create a data protection framework in line with international standards on the right to privacy (Estonia);
142.29 Take immediate steps to enact the Refugee Bill (2019), gazetted through Gazette supplement No. 126, endorsing amendments that lead to enhancing freedom of movement and refugee inclusion (Netherlands);
142.30 Adopt an inclusive non-discrimination law, ensuring the protection enshrined in article 27 (4) of the Constitution (Germany);
142.31 Strengthen legislative and administrative measures on discrimination and violence against women and other vulnerable groups (South Africa);
142.32 Enact legislation implementing the two-thirds gender principle, as guaranteed in the Constitution (Sweden);
142.33 Finalize and implement, in 2020, the draft national action plan for ending child marriage in Kenya (Canada);
142.34 Finalize, adopt and implement the draft national action plan for ending child marriage (Norway);
142.35 Redouble efforts to eradicate child marriage (Chile);
142.36 Continue to provide support to the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights (Egypt);
142.37 Continue its efforts towards reforming its human rights institutions and developing additional measures to ensure the effective implementation of their mandate (Sierra Leone);
142.38 Take measures to strengthen the independence and efficiency of the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights, in accordance with the principles relating to the status of national institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights (the Paris Principles) (Togo);
142.39 Improve the mechanisms for the collection of disaggregated data in order to facilitate an integrated assessment of advances in the promotion of human rights and in the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (Cabo Verde);
142.40 Operationalize the Judiciary Fund, as provided for in article 173 of the Constitution (Denmark);
142.41 Continue developing and implementing public policies that guarantee an inclusive service in relation to minorities, marginalized groups and other vulnerable groups, including through the adoption of appropriate special measures (Ecuador);
142.42 Adopt a national human rights plan of action (Egypt);
142.43 Consider adopting a new national action plan on human rights (Pakistan);
142.44 Continue implementing the existing national action plan on human rights of 2015 (Pakistan);
142.45 Consider reviewing the National Policy and Action Plan on Human Rights to ensure that it addresses all emerging issues (State of Palestine);
142.46 Immediately adopt the national policy for the promotion and protection of the family (Haiti);
142.47 Enhance mobilization of resources for the realization of the Big Four national plan (Ethiopia);
142.48 Accelerate the implementation of the Big Four Agenda (Somalia);
142.49 Continue with the security sector reforms to enable the police to effectively protect and respect human rights (Pakistan);
142.50 Continue with the public sector reforms in order to respect and protect all human rights (South Sudan);
142.51 Adopt the necessary legal framework to guide the operationalization of the Restorative Justice Fund (Croatia);
142.52 Make progress in the implementation of police reforms in order to strengthen respect for human rights and police accountability (Switzerland);
142.53 Continue investing resources for the effective implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (United Republic of Tanzania);
142.54 Redouble efforts to provide training to medical, security and justice professionals on the application of its criminal law punishing harmful practices such as child, early and forced marriage, female genital mutilation, and girl “ beading ” (Brazil);
142.55 Strengthen training and awareness programmes for State officials in the field of human rights for the effective implementation of the law on prevention of torture (Dominican Republic);
142.56 Enhance human rights training and awareness for law enforcement officials to end all violations, including excessive or arbitrary use of force and extrajudicial killings, and bring all those responsible for human rights violations to justice, as well as continuing police reforms (Finland);
142.57 Continue developing training on human rights as an integral component of the police curriculum (Greece);
142.58 Strengthen human rights education within the security services and across the Government to ensure that State officials operate in accordance with Kenya ’ s constitutional and international obligations (Vanuatu);
142.59 Take the necessary measures to ensure access to basic health care, education, food and other social care systems, on a fair basis and in line with the principle of non-discrimination (Kuwait);
142.60 Strengthen gender equality by implementing the two-thirds gender principle in all elective or appointive bodies in a timely manner (Norway);
142.61 Continue collecting and analysing disaggregated data on women with the aim of combating discrimination based on religion, ethnic background, age, health, disability or sexual orientation (Cyprus);
142.62 Develop and adopt appropriate legislative and administrative measures to combat discrimination against women as well as discrimination and violence against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex people (Argentina);
142.63 Implement a comprehensive policy to ensure gender equality, particularly in enhancing the participation of women in decision-making (India);
142.64 Amend discriminatory laws against women and eliminate harmful practices and gender-based violence against women and girls (India);
142.65 Continue to promote economic and social development and improve the living standard of its people (China);
142.66 Advance efforts aimed at growing the economy and enhancing food security (Barbados);
142.67 Ensure that women, especially rural women, are meaningfully engaged in the development and implementation of climate-change and disaster-risk-reduction legislation and policies (Fiji);
142.68 Continue efforts aimed at fighting corruption as well as illicit financial flows and tax avoidance (Azerbaijan);
142.69 Take further measurable efforts to combat corruption, including by ensuring thorough and effective investigation and prosecution of all suspects, and punish perpetrators (Finland);
142.70 Sustain efforts in the fight against corruption (Nigeria);
142.71 Continue taking targeted steps aimed at improving national legislation on the fight against corruption (Russian Federation);
142.72 Continue addressing corruption in a more effective manner, by enhancing transparency, accountability and institutional capacities (Turkey);
142.73 Adopt and implement the National Action Plan on Business and Human Rights (Zambia);
142.74 Ensure the final approval, launch and execution of the national action plan for the implementation of the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (Norway);
142.75 Formalize as soon as possible the adoption of its National Action Plan on Business and Human Rights, and provide the necessary resources for its effective implementation (Switzerland);
142.76 Step up its efforts to combat terrorism (Burundi);
142.77 Enhance efforts to combat terrorism and extremism in order to create a safe environment for its people to enjoy all human rights (China);
142.78 Beef up measures to ensure that the recurring terrorist attacks taking place in the country are halted (Lesotho);
142.79 Continue strengthening counter-terrorism measures in conformity with the law and international standards (Sierra Leone);
142.80 Continue the fight against terrorism (United Republic of Tanzania);
142.81 Commute the death sentences of the remaining 810 death-row inmates (Namibia);
142.82 Finalize the implementation of the national court ruling declaring the death sentence to be unconstitutional (Angola);
142.83 Adopt additional measures aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, so as to comply with the decision of the Supreme Court that the death penalty is unconstitutional (Brazil);
142.84 Continue taking steps to abolish the death penalty (Georgia);
142.85 Reconsider taking further steps to abolish the death penalty (Mozambique);
142.86 Continue the steps necessary for the abolition of the death penalty (Romania);
142.87 Consider further limitations on the use of the death penalty with a view to imposing a de facto moratorium on its use and aiming at its total abolition (Rwanda);
142.88 Accelerate progress towards abolishing the death penalty (South Africa);
142.89 Take the necessary measures to abolish the death penalty for all crimes (Switzerland);
142.90 Continue the efforts to put an end to extrajudicial killings by police officers, including in the context of counter-terrorism measures (Republic of Korea);
142.91 Prevent torture and impunity through the full implementation of the National Coroners Service Act (2017) and the Prevention of Torture Act (2017), including an evaluation tool to monitor progress (Canada);
142.92 Continue efforts to combat torture by effectively implementing throughout the country the torture prevention law adopted in 2017 (France);
142.93 Fully implement the Prevention of Torture Act, including victims ’ access to rehabilitation (Germany);
142.94 Continue efforts to prevent the act of torture and bring perpetrators to justice as well as setting up measures to fully implement the prevention of acts of torture in the country (Ghana);
142.95 Streamline the ongoing programmes aimed at eliminating sexual and gender-based violence and female genital mutilation (Zimbabwe);
142.96 Make an effort to implement existing legislation to end female genital mutilation (Angola);
142.97 Continue efforts to end female genital mutilation and harmful practices such as child marriage, in close collaboration with civil society (Austria);
142.98 Ensure that the Prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation Act is widely known and implemented, and that perpetrators of female genital mutilation, including medical practitioners, are prosecuted and adequately punished (Belgium);
142.99 Adopt a national policy aimed at eliminating female genital mutilation (Burkina Faso);
142.100 Increase the resources allocated to the council for combating female genital mutilation (Burkina Faso);
142.101 Enforce the prohibition of female genital mutilation and child rape ( “ beading ” ) (Cabo Verde);
142.102 Take measures to fully abolish female genital mutilation through a public campaign on the new legislation (Eritrea);
142.103 Put an end to violence against women and girls and eradicate female genital mutilation (France);
142.104 Strengthen its efforts to fully implement the Prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation Act of 2011 (Georgia);
142.105 Continue efforts to ensure the full implementation of legislation to eradicate the harmful practice of female genital mutilation (Ghana);
142.106 Develop and implement a comprehensive strategy to eliminate harmful practices, and ensure that perpetrators are held accountable and that victims have access to effective remedies (Ireland);
142.107 Continue efforts to eradicate all harmful practices against women and girls, including female genital mutilation and child, early and forced marriage, and to combat violence against women, including by enhancing access to justice (Italy);
142.108 Take measures to eradicate female genital mutilation , through increased awareness-raising among all groups (Maldives);
142.109 Develop and implement a comprehensive strategy to eliminate harmful practices and stereotypes that discriminate against women and girls (Namibia);
142.110 Continue to take measures to eradicate the harmful practices of female genital mutilation and other sexual and gender-based violence (Nepal);
142.111 Actively implement the positive measures to end gender-based violence and harmful practices, including through recent legislative frameworks, a pledge to end female genital mutilation, and its commitment to reduce maternal deaths (New Zealand);
142.112 Redouble efforts to eradicate the harmful practice of female genital mutilation, through the dissemination of the Law on the Prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation, and prosecute and subsequently punish those responsible for carrying out this practice (Costa Rica);
142.113 Continue to implement its inclusive national framework on preventing and addressing sexual and gender-based violence (Philippines);
142.114 Complete the procedure for examining a national policy to end female genital mutilation (Senegal);
142.115 Effectively implement the strategy for the eradication of female genital mutilation and forced child marriage (Spain);
142.116 Adopt and implement a national policy on the eradication of female genital mutilation (Sweden);
142.117 Adopt the necessary measures aimed at eliminating harmful practices, such as child and forced marriage, female genital mutilation and others (Ukraine);
142.118 Redouble efforts to promote and protect the rights of people with albinism by creating support centres dedicated to this cause (Gabon);
142.119 Strengthen the actions and resources used to effectively combat discrimination, stigma and attacks against people with albinism (Comoros);
142.120 Ensure the effective protection of people with albinism against violence, discrimination and stigma (Congo);
142.121 Continue to adopt effective measures to end discrimination and stigmatization faced by persons with albinism (Nepal);
142.122 Strengthen the measures taken to protect people with albinism against violence, discrimination and stigmatization of those who are victims (Costa Rica);
142.123 Adopt and implement the Regional Action Plan on Albinism in Africa (2017–2021) (Senegal);
142.124 Continue the promotion and protection of human rights, in particular of the albino community and refugees (Somalia);
142.125 Prohibit corporal punishment in schools and public institutions (Cyprus);
142.126 Continue ongoing efforts to enhance the effectiveness of the judicial and security system (Libya);
142.127 Continue the measures taken to reform the judicial system and extend access to justice for all (Russian Federation);
142.128 Continue with the various ongoing strategies outlined in the National Action Plan on Legal Aid (2017–2022) (Mauritania);
142.129 Continue implementing its legal aid policies to ensure equal access to justice for victims of racial discrimination, minorities and indigenous peoples (State of Palestine);
142.130 Set up specialized courts that enable the speeding up and the effective treatment of gender-based violence cases (Spain);
142.131 Continue to improve Kenya ’ s juvenile justice system and place children at its core (Barbados);
142.132 Implement its further recommendations from the second cycle universal periodic review of Kenya to raise the age of criminal responsibility and to operationalize the Public Benefits Organizations Act (Czechia);
142.133 Continue to prosecute acts of racial discrimination and hate speech and adopt a comprehensive strategy to eliminate harmful cultural practices (Afghanistan);
142.134 Combat hate speech, particularly during election periods, and punish incitement to racial or ethnic hatred (Mexico);
142.135 Ensure accountability for human rights violations, access to justice and full reparation for victims (Ukraine);
142.136 Intensify efforts to secure redress for survivors of sexual violence following the 2007 and 2017 presidential elections, and establish mechanisms to ensure such crimes are never repeated (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland);
142.137 Conduct independent and impartial investigations into reports of the unlawful use of force and extrajudicial killings by police and security forces and fully implement the National Coroners Service Act and the Prevention of Torture Act (Australia);
142.138 Take preventive measures and ensure comprehensive investigations into all allegations of torture, ill-treatment and extrajudicial killings by security forces and strictly hold perpetrators accountable (Austria);
142.139 Ensure transparent and effective investigations in cases where human rights defenders have been harmed and adopt a law protecting human rights defenders in accordance with international standards (Austria);
142.140 Strengthen oversight of the State security forces and properly investigate the allegations against the State security forces of torture, extrajudicial killings and arbitrary detention (Czechia);
142.141 Further enhance civilian oversight of the police service by thoroughly implementing the Independent Policing Oversight Authority Act of 2011 (Belgium);
142.142 Take further steps to address all allegations of extrajudicial killings, enforced disappearance and excessive use of force by police, particularly during counter-terrorism initiatives, and ensure the prosecution of offenders (Botswana);
142.143 Ensure that attacks against human rights defenders and journalists are properly investigated (Estonia);
142.144 Ensure that all allegations against law enforcement officials are the subject of transparent and impartial judicial investigations (France);
142.145 Investigate reported cases of extrajudicial killings and police violence and provide for victims ’ rehabilitation (Germany);
142.146 Investigate complaints about cases of extrajudicial executions, enforced disappearance and excessive use of force by security forces (Costa Rica);
142.147 Empower and resource the Independent Policing Oversight Authority, the Internal Affairs Unit and the Director of Public Prosecutions to investigate fully and prosecute cases of police abuse (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland);
142.148 Investigate thoroughly credible allegations of violations of human rights by security forces, hold perpetrators to account, and improve measures to provide redress to victims (United States of America);
142.149 Implement the recommendations made by the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission, including investigating and punishing those responsible for serious human rights violations as well as providing remedy to the victims (Argentina);
142.150 Ensure that the right to freedom of religion or belief is fully protected and promoted (Solomon Islands);
142.151 Take other necessary steps to protect Christians from persecution and other forms of serious harm caused by terrorist groups, with a view to tackling the root causes of religious radicalization (Haiti);
142.152 Continue efforts to ensure that all of Kenya ’ s religious communities, and particularly Christians, are able to practise their religion without fear of persecution by terrorist groups (Solomon Islands);
142.153 Ensure unimpeded functioning of democratic processes in the country, including transparent regulations on exercising the right of assembly and the use of force by police only as a means of last resort and solely in fully justified situations (Poland);
142.154 Uphold the right to freedom of expression, including for media organizations and human rights defenders, in accordance with article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (Australia);
142.155 Implement the recommendations of the 2017 European Union Election Observation Mission, especially to strengthen the independence of the media and journalists and to provide protection for civil society (Czechia);
142.156 Further the implementation of the Access to Information Act (Greece);
142.157 Take further measures towards ensuring the safety of journalists, as well as towards guaranteeing the freedoms of expression, of the press, of association and of peaceful assembly (Greece);
142.158 Guarantee full respect of the rights to freedom of expression and of association, by adopting comprehensive legislation on the protection of human rights defenders and by investigating all complaints of alleged violations (Uruguay);
142.159 Ensure the safety of human rights defenders (France);
142.160 Create a safe and enabling environment in which human rights defenders and civil society can operate free from hindrance and insecurity, including through the full operationalization of the Public Benefits Organizations Act (2013) (Ireland);
142.161 Ensure a safe and enabling environment for human rights defenders, including by investigating attacks (Norway);
142.162 Implement the Public Benefits Organizations Act swiftly (Norway);
142.163 Continue to be open to civil society and protect human rights defenders (Tunisia);
142.164 Implement the Public Benefits Organizations Act, ensuring any amendments to the Act promote a transparent framework for NGOs to operate freely, and the Access to Information Act, to increase transparency and accessibility of public information (United States of America);
142.165 Increase efforts to promote women ’ s political participation (Japan);
142.166 Establish mechanisms to increase the participation of women in political and public life, in decision-making positions, and make efforts to eradicate gender stereotypes that result in violence against women (Costa Rica);
142.167 Ensure that all human rights are duly respected and protected in the run-up to and during the coming general elections, in 2022 (Japan);
142.168 Acknowledge the violations of the rights of survivors of electoral-related sexual violence and start a process of consultations with survivors and civil society to inform the design and implementation of reparations measures and programmes (Croatia);
142.169 Undertake electoral reforms aimed at reducing conflicts that have been associated with elections (Vanuatu);
142.170 Accelerate its efforts to combat trafficking in persons (Georgia);
142.171 Establish and implement minimum standards ensuring the protection and rehabilitation of victims of trafficking (Germany);
142.172 Take further steps in combating trafficking in persons and provide sufficient protection to victims of trafficking (Indonesia);
142.173 Adopt policy and measures to end sex trafficking and forced labour (Islamic Republic of Iran);
142.174 Take additional efforts to combat trafficking in human beings (Iraq);
142.175 Continue efforts to combat human trafficking and child labour (Nigeria);
142.176 Ensure that surveillance and profiling of citizens respect the right to privacy, including judicial oversight (Germany);
142.177 Continue to take measures aimed at addressing the issue of youth unemployment (Kuwait);
142.178 Strengthen its efforts to address gender-based discrimination and sexual harassment in the workplace (Maldives);
142.179 Take additional measures to eliminate discrimination and harassment in the workplace, including on the basis of sex and sexual orientation and gender identity (Netherlands);
142.180 Continue to elaborate the development plan of the country and dedicate the resources necessary to improve the living standards of Kenyans, particularly in the areas of health and housing (Barbados);
142.181 Continue implementing the affordable housing programme for low-income people to achieve the goals regarding the right to adequate housing (Oman);
142.182 Accelerate the development of the national public waterworks for water resources storage to better ensure the right to water and sanitation of its people (Viet Nam);
142.183 Strengthen and expand existing policies and resources aimed at alleviating poverty (Zimbabwe);
142.184 Continue to adopt measures to address poverty in light of Vision 2030 and the Sustainable Development Goals (Afghanistan);
142.185 Continue to implement sustainable development policies and intensify efforts to eliminate poverty (Solomon Islands);
142.186 Continue implementation of the ongoing socioeconomic measures on reducing poverty, inequality and unemployment (India);
142.187 Continue measures to address poverty reduction by supporting women ’ s participation in private economic activities (Myanmar);
142.188 Continue the policy of accelerating economic growth, especially reducing poverty (Oman);
142.189 Continue the implementation of poverty eradication programmes, including by allocating sufficient national budget for those programmes that impact directly on the lives of vulnerable groups (South Africa);
142.190 Continue efforts to eradicate poverty and provide drinking water and sanitation to the population (Sudan);
142.191 Take measures to ensure access to basic health care, education and other relevant social welfare systems to the population in a vulnerable situation (Angola);
142.192 Continue consolidating social protection programmes in favour of its population, in particular for the most vulnerable sectors (Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela);
142.193 Further implement national laws and policies on health services, with particular attention on the right to health of women and children, including through collaboration with other States (Indonesia);
142.194 Step up efforts to increase access to health facilities to cover remote areas and all sectors of its society (Eritrea);
142.195 Improve maternal and child health care by redoubling investments in line with its International Conference on Population and Development commitments (Denmark);
142.196 Continue the measures necessary to extend access to health insurance and quality health services to all citizens without discrimination (Djibouti);
142.197 Continue strengthening HIV prevention and education policies and programmes in the health sector (Dominican Republic);
142.198 Continue efforts to end malnutrition in all vulnerable layers of society (Islamic Republic of Iran);
142.199 Continue to protect and promote the right to health for all, through strengthening universal health coverage (Japan);
142.200 Take additional measures to address lack of access to high-quality health care for women, including women with disabilities (Malaysia);
142.201 Continue to take the necessary measures to provide comprehensive health care (Oman);
142.202 Review all legal, policy and structural barriers that impede the provision of sexual and reproductive health services, in particular against adolescent girls, young women and members of key populations more vulnerable to HIV, and implement comprehensive human rights-based programmes in this area (Portugal);
142.203 Take concrete legal and policy measures, including the provision of adequate human rights training to health personnel, to eliminate all forms of stigma and discrimination in health settings (Portugal);
142.204 Evaluate and report on the effectiveness of the universal health coverage pilot programmes with a view to progressively expanding such programmes throughout the country (Singapore);
142.205 Continue to extend the scope of universal health coverage in line with Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Cuba);
142.206 Reaffirm that the right to life exists from conception until natural death, and redouble efforts to protect it as such (Solomon Islands);
142.207 Continue to increase investment in education, and improve education in rural areas (China);
142.208 Intensify efforts in the field of education to ensure access to quality education for all, especially for rural populations (Djibouti);
142.209 Continue to pursue, with renewed commitment, its efforts to improve public services such as education and health care (Mauritius);
142.210 Continue to strengthen its successful education and health policies, in order to provide the greatest possible well-being for its people (Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela);
142.211 Ensure equal access to education through the full integration of refugees and asylum seekers into national education policies by 2020, in accordance with the 2017 Djibouti declaration on refugee education (Canada);
142.212 Consider taking further measures to increase the number of girls and women in secondary and higher education, including through specific measures aimed at ensuring adequate access to education for girls with disabilities (Bulgaria);
142.213 Continue its efforts to increase access to education facilities at all levels (Islamic Republic of Iran);
142.214 Continue taking measures to ensure inclusive and quality education for all (Malaysia);
142.215 Continue efforts to address access to education by children living in rural areas by ensuring adequate infrastructure and educational resources (Myanmar);
142.216 Take further steps to promote access to technical and vocational education and training institutions, especially for women and young people (Philippines);
142.217 Continue the implementation of national programmes in the area of education and health care (Russian Federation);
142.218 Pursue efforts in order to ensure that all Kenyans and residents receive quality education without discrimination (Saudi Arabia);
142.219 Strengthen efforts to ensure that all Kenyans enjoy access to education without discrimination (Sri Lanka);
142.220 Review, adopt and implement relevant laws, policies and measures to promote inclusive education and redress the difficulties confronted by students with disabilities and special needs (Thailand);
142.221 Continue efforts to address inequalities between men and women in education (Tunisia);
142.222 Continue to increase access to and coverage of primary education, as well as technical and professional education and extend it to other levels of education (Cuba);
142.223 Continue measures to ensure the highest quality of education throughout the country (Zambia);
142.224 Take further measures to ensure the empowerment of women in all spheres (Azerbaijan);
142.225 Continue to develop the national machinery for the advancement of women, strengthen coordination between the various executive bodies and provide them with adequate resources (Bulgaria);
142.226 Implement Security Council resolution 1325 (2000) and related resolutions on women and peace and security (Estonia);
142.227 Ensure a strong multisectoral response to combat violence against women, with the capacity to investigate cases, and enhance access to justice for survivors (Iceland);
142.228 Further strengthen mechanisms at the national level to prevent domestic violence and protect all victims of domestic violence (Kyrgyzstan);
142.229 Continue the fight against discrimination and violence against women and children, including trafficking, forced labour and domestic abuse, and improve reporting and the bringing to justice of perpetrators of such acts (Poland);
142.230 Guarantee women access to land by, inter alia, ensuring the full implementation of the constitutional provisions giving women equal rights to land ownership as men, as well as the execution of the Matrimonial Property Act and other women ’ s land rights (Poland);
142.231 Strengthen efforts to provide improved access to safe houses for victims and survivors of sexual and gender-based violence (Republic of Korea);
142.232 Further promote women ’ s empowerment and gender equality (Thailand);
142.233 Continue efforts to improve the rights of women (Tunisia);
142.234 Take measures aimed at ensuring the economic and social rights of women and increase their employment (Vanuatu);
142.235 Increase efforts to prevent and combat sexual and gender-based violence, including in camps for internally displaced persons and refugees (Belarus);
142.236 Take proactive and comprehensive measures to address gender-based violence, including by providing victims with access to remedies (Malaysia);
142.237 Step up measures to provide psychosocial support, shelters and safe houses for victims of domestic, sexual and gender-based violence (Myanmar);
142.238 Develop a tool to monitor and evaluate the implementation of the Protection against Domestic Violence Act, especially with regard to support provided to victims and survivors of domestic violence in all counties (Seychelles);
142.239 Adopt regulations to give effect to the Protection against Domestic Violence Act (2015) (Timor-Leste);
142.240 Enhance efforts to address sexual and gender-based violence (Uganda);
142.241 Effectively implement the Protection against Domestic Violence Act (Ukraine);
142.242 Take measures to guarantee effective access for the women victims of gender-based violence to justice, protection and support (Vanuatu);
142.243 Draw up a comprehensive policy to address the causes of the rise in the number of children in street situations, by providing appropriate social protection and services and by supporting family reunification programmes (Algeria);
142.244 Implement the provisions of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (Iraq);
142.245 Devise ways and means to be in a position to allocate adequate resources for the effective implementation of actions geared towards the advancement of human rights and conditions of children and working mothers (Mauritius);
142.246 Step up efforts to eliminate the social, economic and political marginalization of children and youth who belong to the Muslim community or to the Somali ethnic group (Timor-Leste);
142.247 Take further measures to eliminate the institutionalization of vulnerable children and orphans, and provide them with a family environment (Montenegro);
142.248 Establish a long-term strategy to raise awareness and combat discrimination against people with disabilities and to enable allegations of discrimination to be brought to court, ensuring appropriate remedy for the victims (Algeria);
142.249 Pursue efforts to promote the rights of persons with disabilities (Egypt);
142.250 Promote the rights of children with disabilities (Iraq);
142.251 Continue the ongoing efforts to ensure that the rights of persons with disabilities are in line with Kenya ’ s vision of the Sustainable Development Goals (Libya);
142.252 Improve services for persons with disabilities (Saudi Arabia);
142.253 Continue implementing the early warning mechanism to prevent the abandonment of children with disabilities and to persist in reducing the number of children institutionalized, with a view to eventually eliminating it (Serbia);
142.254 Ensure that the review of the Special Needs Education Policy (2009) takes place expeditiously to ensure that no child is left behind, and that children with disabilities are enabled to learn alongside other children to the extent possible (Singapore);
142.255 Continue efforts related to the promotion of the rights of persons with disabilities through rehabilitation and reintegration, and provide them with the necessary health services (Sudan);
142.256 Undertake further measures to protect vulnerable groups, in particular women, persons with disabilities and children (Ukraine);
142.257 Consider further measures to enhance the meaningful participation of indigenous peoples in all matters affecting them (Philippines);
142.258 Strengthen measures to ensure the protection of the rights of all migrant workers and members of their families, including prevention of trafficking in persons (Uganda);
142.259 Ensure the protection of asylum seekers and refugees in its territory, and provide adequate food and health services in reception facilities with the help of the international community (Afghanistan);
142.260 Take further practical steps towards ensuring the inclusion of refugees in all spheres of social, cultural and economic life (Zambia);
142.261 Implement a comprehensive birth registration programme, in order to prevent limitations on the right of minorities to nationality (Mexico).
143. The following recommendations will be examined by Kenya, which will provide responses in due time, but no later than the forty-fourth session of the Human Rights Council:
143.1 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child (Cyprus);
143.2 Respond to the request of the Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity (Uruguay);
143.3 Review the 2018 Associations Bill and ensure that NGO laws are in line with the right to freedom of expression (Germany);
143.4 Ensure that a human rights approach is reflected in the Government ’ s 2020 submission of the reviewed nationally determined contributions (Fiji);
143.5 Consider taking the necessary steps to introduce a de jure moratorium on capital executions with a view to fully abolishing the death penalty, including by ratifying the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty (Italy).
144. The recommendations listed below have been examined by Kenya and have been noted by Kenya:
144.1 Implement all protocols to the Convention on the Protection of the Child, Convention on the Child ’ s Rights, and the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (South Sudan);
144.2Ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty (Honduras);
144.3 Ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty (Montenegro);
144.4 Sign and ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty (Uruguay);
144.5 Fully abolish the death penalty and ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty (Spain);
144.6 Formalize its moratorium on executions and ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty (New Zealand);
144.7 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (Sri Lanka);
144.8 Ratify the Convention against Discrimination in Education (Congo);
144.9 Ratify the Convention against Discrimination in Education and the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (Ukraine);
144.10 Ratify the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance (France);
144.11 Ratify the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance (Honduras) (Seychelles);
144.12 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (Honduras);
144.13 Ratify the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (Honduras) (Senegal);
144.14 Ratify the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (Sri Lanka);
144.15 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment and the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (Chile);
144.16 Ratify the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (Comoros);
144.17 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Honduras) (Denmark);
144.18 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (Honduras);
144.19 Ratify the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Armenia) (Rwanda);
144.20 Ratify the International Labour Organization (ILO) Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989 (No. 169) (Chile);
144.21 Ratify the ILO Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989 (No. 169) (Honduras);
144.22 Ratify and implement the Protocol of 2014 to the ILO Forced Labour Convention, 1930 (No. 29) (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland);
144.23 Enact a reproductive health law to provide a human rights-based legal framework for young people ’ s sexual and reproductive health (Malta);
144.24 Enact a reproductive health law to provide a human rights-based legal framework for young people ’ s sexual and reproductive health (Belgium);
144.25 Adopt a comprehensive equality and non-discrimination law that affords protection to all individuals regardless of their sexual orientation or gender identity or expression (Norway);
144.26 Adopt a comprehensive anti-discrimination law affording protection to all individuals, irrespective of sexual orientation or gender identity or expression (Canada);
144.27 Decriminalize consensual sexual relations between adults of the same sex and expand its anti-discrimination legislation to include a prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity (Iceland);
144.28 Repeal all provisions which criminalize consensual same-sex relations, and adopt appropriate policies and measures to tackle stigmatization, harassment, discrimination and violence against individuals because of their sexual orientation (Australia);
144.29 Step up efforts against discrimination, with special emphasis on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons and women, and eradicate female genital mutilation (Czechia);
144.30 Take the necessary political and legislative measures to combat discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity (Dominican Republic);
144.31 Repeal laws that criminalize homosexuality, and combat violence based on sexual orientation and gender identity (Chile);
144.32 Combat discrimination against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons and repeal provisions penalizing homosexuality (France);
144.33 Decriminalize consensual same-sex conduct and adopt measures to tackle discrimination based on sexual orientation (Italy);
144.34 Adopt laws, policies and measures to prevent violence and discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity and expression (Malta);
144.35 Repeal sections 162, 163 and 165 of the Penal Code and decriminalize same-sex conduct between adults (Malta);
144.36 Repeal legislation that criminalizes consensual sexual relations between adults of the same sex, in particular sections 162 and 165 of the Penal Code (Mexico);
144.37 Decriminalize consensual same-sex relationships between adults, and enact comprehensive anti-discrimination laws to safeguard the realization of human rights for all individuals, irrespective of sexual orientation or gender identity (New Zealand);
144.38 Decriminalize sexual relations between consulting adults of the same sex, as recommended previously (Slovenia);
144.39 Decriminalize consensual sexual relations between adults of the same sex (Spain);
144.40 Repeal sections 162, 165 and 181 of the Penal Code, which criminalize lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex status, conduct and/or expression (United States of America);
144.41 Fully abolish the death penalty (Cyprus);
144.42 Establish a formal moratorium on the death penalty and commute all existing death sentences with a view to ratifying the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty (Australia);
144.43 Abolish the death penalty (Cabo Verde) (Slovenia) (Togo);
144.44 Abolish the death penalty completely, in law and in practice (Fiji);
144.45 Formally abolish the death penalty for all crimes (France);
144.46 Giving continuity to recent progress in this field, abolish the death penalty and ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty (Portugal);
144.47 Fully abolish the death penalty and ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty (Iceland);
144.48 Provide sufficient annual financial assistance to the country ’ s civil society programmes and organizations that are trying to change attitudes towards positive masculinity for men and boys (Haiti);
144.49 Abolish polygamy (Cabo Verde);
144.50 Take concrete actions to ensure access to health services and information, and to review relevant laws and policies in order to ensure sexual and reproductive health and rights for all (Finland);
144.51 Immediately implement the High Court judgement in Petition No. 266 of 2015 by reinstating the standards and guidelines on reducing maternal mortality and morbidity related to unsafe abortion and the training curriculum for medical professionals in public hospitals (Netherlands);
144.52 Adopt and implement curricula on age-appropriate comprehensive sexuality education, including information about issues of violence, that is provided throughout schooling (Iceland);
144.53 Eliminate harmful practices against women and ensure access to sexual and reproductive health services and comprehensive sex education for all women and girls (Estonia).
145. All conclusions and/or recommendations contained in the present report reflect the position of the submitting State(s) and/or the State under review. They should not be construed as endorsed by the Working Group as a whole.
Annex
Composition of the delegation
The delegation of Kenya was headed by Hon. Ababu Namwamba, EGH, Chief Administrative Secretary and Deputy Minister, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and composed of the following members:
Maryann Njau Kimani, OGW, Senior Deputy Solicitor General; Office of the Attorney General and the Department of Justice;
Lucy Kiruthu, HSC, Deputy Permanent Representative, Kenya Mission to UN Geneva;
Charles Owino Wahong’o, MBS, Assistant Inspector General, Kenya National Police Service;
Emily Chweya, Director of Legal Affairs, Office of the Attorney General and the Department of Justice;
Daniel Kottut, Minister Counsellor, Legal, Kenya Mission to UN Geneva;
Claris Kariuki, Senior State Counsel, Office of the Attorney General and the Department of Justice.